Three Common Types of Batteries in Fire Emergency Lights

Fire emergency lights are devices that ensure the provision of light in the event of an emergency, such as a fire, and their importance cannot be overstated. In order to ensure that fire emergency lights can work properly during power outages or emergencies, the choice of their batteries is crucial. Common fire emergency light batteries are mainly lead-acid batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries and lithium batteries. This article will introduce these three types of batteries in detail.

1. lead-acid batteries

Lead-acid batteries are one of the most common fire emergency light batteries. It uses lead and lead oxide as electrodes and sulfuric acid as electrolyte. The advantages of lead-acid batteries lie in their lower cost and longer service life, which can generally reach 3 to 5 years. In addition, lead-acid batteries have better charging and discharging performance and can work at lower temperatures, so they are widely used in fire emergency lights.

However, lead-acid batteries also have some drawbacks, most notably their larger size and heavier weight, which makes them undesirable in certain equipment that requires a lightweight design. In addition, lead-acid batteries require regular maintenance, and their life span can be greatly shortened if they are over-discharged.

2. Nickel-metal hydride batteries

Nickel-metal hydride (Ni-MH) batteries are another type of battery commonly used in fire emergency lights. Compared with the traditional nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries have higher energy density and longer service life, and are not easily affected by ambient temperature. A significant advantage of nickel-metal hydride batteries is its environmental friendliness, which can effectively avoid the environmental pollution problems brought by nickel-cadmium batteries.

Nickel-metal hydride batteries have high charge and discharge efficiency, and have strong safety, and can withstand a high number of charge and discharge cycles. Due to the small size of NiMH batteries, they are suitable for the design of fire emergency lights that need to save space and weight. However, the price of NiMH batteries is usually higher than that of lead-acid batteries, which also makes them less suitable for some low-cost requirements.

3. lithium batteries

Lithium batteries have been widely used in various types of emergency lighting equipment in recent years. Lithium batteries have a high energy density, long service life (usually between 5 and 8 years) and smaller size and weight, these advantages make lithium batteries become one of the first choice for modern fire emergency lights.

Compared with lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride batteries, lithium batteries are faster to charge and have better temperature adaptability. Another outstanding feature of lithium batteries is their low self-discharge rate, which means that they are able to maintain a good charge even when they are not in use for a long period of time. In addition, Li-ion batteries also excel in terms of depth of discharge and number of cycles.

However, Li-ion batteries are costly and require specific charge management systems to ensure their safe use. Improper use or overcharging can lead to battery damage or even fire, so it is important to consider these safety factors when designing fire emergency lights.

Summarize

Lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and lithium batteries have their own advantages and disadvantages. When choosing batteries for fire emergency lights, in addition to considering the cost, life, performance and other factors of the battery, it is also necessary to make a comprehensive assessment based on the specific needs of the use, environmental conditions and so on. In the future, with the progress of science and technology, there may be new breakthroughs in battery technology for fire emergency lights, providing more efficient, safe and environmentally friendly battery solutions.